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Received 15 May 2018
Accepted 13 Jun 2018
Published online: 17 Dec 2018
 
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This article considers the oft-hidden instances of inter-criminal victimization in illegal drug markets amongst serious criminals in the North of England. Focusing on proto-criminal activity known in regional argot as ‘taxing’ (drug dealers robbing one another) it draws on ethnographic material and suggests that contrast to the literature on the subject from the USA ‘taxing’ in England rarely leads to cycles of retaliatory violence. Yet against a more general climate of precariousness in disadvantaged communities in England, ‘taxing’ as a deviant behavior is a gainful, relatively low-risk activity for a minority of established, professional violent criminals.

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James Treadwell

JAMES TREADWELL is Professor of Criminology at Staffordshire University, he undertook a long term ethnographic study of the English Defence League publishing material from that project (with Simon Winlow and Steve Hall) in ‘Rise of the Right’ (Policy, Winlow, Hall, and Treadwell 2017 Winlow, S, S Hall, and J. Treadwell. 2017. Rise of the Right English Nationalism and the Transformation of Working-Class Politics. Bristol: Policy Press. [Google Scholar]). Prior to that, he used ethnographic methods to study the August 2011 English Riots and material generated from that project featured in ‘Riots and Political Protest’ (Routledge Hall and Winlow 2015 Hall, S. and S. Winlow. 2015. Revitalizing Criminological Theory: Towards a New Ultra-Realism. London: Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group.[Crossref] [Google Scholar]). His research interests include, Violent, Professional Crime and Organised Crime, Prison and Imprisonment (Prison Violence and Victimisation) and Drug use and Crime.

Craig Ancrum

CRAIG ANCRUM is a Senior lecturer in Criminology at Teesside University in the UK. His research interests are around drugs and drug markets, violence, consumerism and the use of ethnographic research methods. Craig has been involved in ongoing research into drugs and crime in his native city of Newcastle for a number of years.

Craig Kelly

CRAIG KELLY is a visiting lecturer in Criminology at the Centre for Applied Criminology at Birmingham City University. He received his undergraduate degree in Criminology and Sociology from Sheffield Hallam University in 2013 before working within substance misuse services in the midlands. Following this he completed his MA in Criminology at Birmingham City University. His research interests include illicit economies, organised crime and violence.
 

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