The association of the ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D polymorphisms with athlete status in football: a systematic review and meta-analysis

McAuley, Alexander B.T. and Hughes, David C. and Tsaprouni, Loukia and Varley, Ian and Suraci, Bruce and Roos, Thomas R. and Herbert, Adam J. and Kelly, Adam L. (2020) The association of the ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D polymorphisms with athlete status in football: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Sports Sciences. ISSN 1466-447X

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Abstract

The aim of this review was to assess the association of ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D polymorphisms with athlete status in football and determine which allele and/or genotypes are most likely to influence this phenotype via a meta-analysis. A comprehensive search identified 17 ACTN3 and 19 ACE studies. Significant associations were shown between the presence of the ACTN3 R allele and professional footballer status (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.18–1.53) and the ACE D allele and youth footballers (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.01–1.38). More specifically, the ACTN3 RR genotype (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.23–1.77) and ACE DD genotype (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.02–1.63) exhibited the strongest associations, respectively. These findings may be explained by the association of the ACTN3 RR genotype and ACE DD genotype with power-orientated phenotypes and the relative contribution of power-orientated phenotypes to success in football. As such, the results of this review provide further evidence that individual genetic variation may contribute towards athlete status and can differentiate athletes of different competitive playing statuses in a homogenous team-sport cohort. Moreover, the ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D polymorphisms are likely (albeit relatively minor) contributing factors that influence athlete status in football.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	** From Crossref via Jisc Publications Router ** History: epub 28-08-2020; issued 28-08-2020.
Identification Number:	10.1080/02640414.2020.1812195
Dates:	Date Event 16 August 2020 Accepted 28 August 2020 Published
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Subjects:	CAH03 - biological and sport sciences > CAH03-02 - sport and exercise sciences > CAH03-02-01 - sport and exercise sciences
Divisions:	Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences > College of Health and Care Professions
SWORD Depositor:	JISC PubRouter
Depositing User:	JISC PubRouter
Date Deposited:	10 Sep 2020 12:24
Last Modified:	12 Jan 2022 11:36
URI:	https://www.open-access.bcu.ac.uk/id/eprint/9849

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