Smart energy meter based on a long-range wide-area network for a stand-alone photovoltaic system
Abdullah, Waheb and Annathurai, Sanmathy and Rahim, Tajul Arrifin A. and Fauzi, M. Fitri Mohd (2022) Smart energy meter based on a long-range wide-area network for a stand-alone photovoltaic system. Expert Systems With Applications, 197. p. 116703. ISSN 0957-4174
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Abstract
Long-range wide-area network (LoRaWAN) has emerged as a key technology for Internet of Things (IoT) applications worldwide owing to its cost-effectiveness, robustness to interference, low power, licensed-free frequency band, and long-range connectivity, thanks to the adaptive data rate. In this contribution, an IoT-enabled smart energy meter based on LoRaWAN technology (SEM-LoRaWAN) is developed to measure the energy consumption for a photovoltaic (PV) system and send real-time data to the utility/consumers over the Internet for billing/monitoring purposes. The proposed SEM-LoRaWAN is implemented in a PV system to monitor related parameters (i.e., voltage, current, power, energy, light intensity, temperature, and humidity) and update this information to the cloud. A LoRa shield is attached to an Arduino microcontroller with several sensors to gather the required information and send it to a LoRaWAN gateway. We also propose an algorithm to compose data from multiple sensors as payloads and upload these data using the gateway to The Things Network (TTN). The AllThingsTalkMaker IoT server is integrated into the TTN to be accessed using Web/mobile application interfaces. System-level tests are conducted using a fabricated testbed and connected to a solar panel to prove the SEM-LoRaWAN effectiveness in terms of functionality, simplicity, reliability, and cost. The connectivity between the system and users is achieved using smartphones/laptops. Results demonstrate a smooth system operation with detailed and accurate measurements of electrical usage and PV environmental conditions in real-time.
| Item Type: | Article | ||||||
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| Identification Number: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2022.116703 | ||||||
| Dates: |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | AllThingsTalkMaker; LoRa, LoRaWAN; PV System; Smart Energy Meter; TTN | ||||||
| Subjects: | CAH10 - engineering and technology > CAH10-01 - engineering > CAH10-01-08 - electrical and electronic engineering | ||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Computing, Engineering and the Built Environment > School of Engineering and the Built Environment > School of Engineering | ||||||
| Depositing User: | Waheb Abdullah | ||||||
| Date Deposited: | 29 Jun 2022 08:34 | ||||||
| Last Modified: | 22 Mar 2023 12:10 | ||||||
| URI: | https://www.open-access.bcu.ac.uk/id/eprint/13211 |
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