Co-infections of SARS-CoV-2 with respiratory syncytial virus and human influenza A in patients with symptoms of COVID-19 in Ghana: A retrospective study

Duedu, Kwabena and Gyamfi, Jones and Ayivor-Djanie, Reuben and Afenya, Godknows and Agbuglah, Isaac Buertey and Agbogli, Hubert Kwame and Essandoh, Priscilla and Kugbemanya, Seraphine and Adiku, Theophilus Koku (2024) Co-infections of SARS-CoV-2 with respiratory syncytial virus and human influenza A in patients with symptoms of COVID-19 in Ghana: A retrospective study. New Microbes and New Infections, 62. p. 101463. ISSN 2052-2975

[thumbnail of 1-s2.0-S2052297524002476-main.pdf]

Preview

Text
1-s2.0-S2052297524002476-main.pdf - Published Version
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives.
Download (465kB)

Official URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/...

Abstract

Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic the aetiology of respiratory illnesses were narrowed to SARS-CoV-2. This prevented diagnosis of other pathogens and patients were not notified of the accurate diagnosis of their illnesses when SARS-CoV-2 was absent. It is therefore important to look back and determine what else was present but was missed.

Objective
This retrospective study sought to gain insights into prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza A alongside SARS-CoV-2 in patients who reported with clinical symptoms of respiratory illnesses.

Methods
Samples from patients who had reported of respiratory symptoms were selected at random from a pool. RNA was extracted and RT-PCR was performed for SARS-CoV-2, RSV and Influenza A in parallel. Data on the clinical symptoms was extracted from case-base forms and analysed.

Results
Of the 400 symptomatic samples tested, prevalence of SARS-CoV-2, influenza A and RSV was 20.3 %, 2.0 % and 0.5 % respectively. Only one sample tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A. About 77 % of the symptomatic cases did not test positive for any of the three agents. Cough (79 %) was the most common symptom followed by fever and chills, headache, sore throat and runny nose.

Conclusion
The large proportion of symptomatic cases that tested negative for all three respiratory viruses raises a flag and a need for more investigations into the actual burden of respiratory aetiologic agents during the pandemic. With the low levels of co-infections, parallel testing may not be needed however, a strong case for multiplex tests for respiratory agents exists.

Item Type:	Article
Identification Number:	10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101463
Dates:	Date Event 19 August 2024 Accepted 21 August 2024 Published Online
Uncontrolled Keywords:	COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, RSV, Influenza, Respiratory illnesses
Subjects:	CAH03 - biological and sport sciences > CAH03-01 - biosciences > CAH03-01-01 - biosciences (non-specific)
Divisions:	Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences > College of Life Sciences
Depositing User:	Gemma Tonks
Date Deposited:	06 Sep 2024 12:44
Last Modified:	06 Sep 2024 12:44
URI:	https://www.open-access.bcu.ac.uk/id/eprint/15801