The Impact of Aphantasia on Mental Healthcare Experiences

Mawtus, Bridget and Renwick, Fran and Thomas, Bethany R and Reeder, Reshanne R (2024) The Impact of Aphantasia on Mental Healthcare Experiences. Collabra: Psychology, 10 (1). ISSN 2474-7394

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Abstract

Approximately 4% of the population has aphantasia, which is defined as impoverished, or absent, sensory mental imagery. Previous research suggests that people with aphantasia (aphants) may have a higher prevalence of mental health conditions and neurodivergence compared to the general population, but aphantasia presents a special challenge for diagnosis and treatment. Many mental health conditions are currently characterized by imagery-related symptomology (such as sensory flashbacks in post-traumatic stress disorder or negative body image in eating disorders), and the dominant therapeutic treatments rely heavily on imagery techniques. Thus far, little is known about how this impacts mental healthcare experiences in individuals with aphantasia. In the current study, we used a mixed-methods (questionnaire, interview) approach to comprehensively investigate the effects of aphantasia on seeking diagnoses and treatments for mental illness. Quantitative analyses on the questionnaire data revealed that virtually all psychiatric disorders manifest with a lack of imagery-related symptomology in aphantasia compared to typical imagery controls; aphants report “lack of awareness or understanding of aphantasia” as a common factor in missed- or misdiagnosis by mental health professionals, although the prevalence of missed and misdiagnoses are no different from typical imagery controls; and aphants are very likely to report that therapies involving mental imagery, especially visual imagery in CBT, are ineffective in their mental health treatment compared to controls. Two main themes were generated following qualitative analysis of interviews: Quest for Identity and Mental Health Journey. Feelings of being different, memory challenges, and self-discovery based on help-seeking contributed to the first theme. Aphants found different levels of success in their mental health journeys depending on whether they experienced anxiety and/or depression, neurodiversity conditions, or trauma and/or complex mental health conditions, with the latter group critically relying on professional empathy and understanding for positive outcomes. Together, these results point to a widespread impact of aphantasia on diverse aspects of mental healthcare.

Item Type: Article
Identification Number: 10.1525/collabra.127416
Dates:
Date
Event
14 November 2024
Accepted
23 December 2024
Published Online
Uncontrolled Keywords: mental health, aphantasia, cognitive behavioral therapy, registered report, thematic analysis, Bayesian inference
Subjects: CAH04 - psychology > CAH04-01 - psychology > CAH04-01-01 - psychology (non-specific)
Divisions: Faculty of Business, Law and Social Sciences > College of Psychology
Depositing User: Gemma Tonks
Date Deposited: 30 Jan 2025 16:01
Last Modified: 30 Jan 2025 16:01
URI: https://www.open-access.bcu.ac.uk/id/eprint/16107

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