Evaluating the Effectiveness of Hypertension Treatment in Delaying/Slowing the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults Aged 18 Years and Above with Impaired Glucose Regulation: A Systematic Review Protocol

Jadhakhan, Ferozkhan and Safi, Ayazullah and Gai, Basiru and Hossain, Muhammad and Alkhatib, Ahmad (2025) Evaluating the Effectiveness of Hypertension Treatment in Delaying/Slowing the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults Aged 18 Years and Above with Impaired Glucose Regulation: A Systematic Review Protocol. European Medical Journal. p. 65. ISSN 2397-6764

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Abstract

Introduction: Antihypertensive drugs effectively reduce chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, yet research into their effectiveness for individuals with impaired glucose regulation (IGR) is limited. IGR, which refers to intermediate hyperglycaemia, including impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance, represents a high-risk metabolic state associated with both hypertension and accelerated CKD progression. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of hypertension treatment in delaying CKD progression in individuals with IGR and aims to provide insights into optimal drug-based treatments for this population. Methods/Design: The electronic databases CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, PubMed, Zetoc, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials, and grey literature will be searched for relevant studies from inception to 30th November 2025. Two independent reviewers will screen results, extract data, select studies for inclusion, and assess quality. Inclusion criteria encompass RCTs and non-randomised studies involving adults with IGR and hypertension, using CKD markers like estimated glomerular filtration rate, albumin creatinine ratio, protein creatinine ratio, serum creatinine, and creatinine clearance levels. The authors will estimate between-group and within-group differences, extracting effect measures such as relative risk, hazard ratio, or pre- and post-intervention means and SD, with 95% CIs. If applicable, study results will be pooled for a meta-analysis; high heterogeneity will prompt a narrative synthesis. Evidence quality and risk of bias will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) and Risk of Bias in Non-randomised Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I), respectively. This systematic review protocol is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024529193). Conclusion: Current evidence supports antihypertensive drugs in slowing CKD progression, but research on individuals with IGR is limited. This review explores effective drug-based treatment strategies for adults with CKD and IGR, enhancing clinical practice and patient outcomes.

Item Type:	Article
Identification Number:	10.33590/emj/BAOK8956
Dates:	Date Event 19 November 2025 Accepted 11 December 2025 Published Online
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Chronic kidney disease (CKD), hypertension, impaired glucose regulation (IGR), intervention, prediabetes, systematic review.
Subjects:	CAH03 - biological and sport sciences > CAH03-01 - biosciences > CAH03-01-01 - biosciences (non-specific)
Divisions:	Life and Health Sciences > Life and Sports Sciences
Depositing User:	Gemma Tonks
Date Deposited:	15 Dec 2025 15:03
Last Modified:	15 Dec 2025 15:03
URI:	https://www.open-access.bcu.ac.uk/id/eprint/16772

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