Optimizing Metabolic Assessment: Maximal Fat Metabolism, Lactate Dynamics, and Cardiorespiratory Determinants at Different Pedaling Frequencies

Alkhatib, Ahmad

Optimizing Metabolic Assessment: Maximal Fat Metabolism, Lactate Dynamics, and Cardiorespiratory Determinants at Different Pedaling Frequencies

Alkhatib, Ahmad (2026) Optimizing Metabolic Assessment: Maximal Fat Metabolism, Lactate Dynamics, and Cardiorespiratory Determinants at Different Pedaling Frequencies. Journal of Diabetes Research. ISSN 2314-6745

[thumbnail of Journal of Diabetes Research - 2026 - Alkhatib - Optimizing Metabolic Assessment Maximal Fat Metabolism Lactate Dynamics .pdf]

Preview

Text
Journal of Diabetes Research - 2026 - Alkhatib - Optimizing Metabolic Assessment Maximal Fat Metabolism Lactate Dynamics .pdf - Published Version
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution.
Download (1MB)

Official URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/jdr/22...

Abstract

Aims/Objectives

Accurate metabolic exercise testing is essential for assessing cardiometabolic health in both athletes and clinical populations with prediabetes and diabetes. This study investigated whether and how fat, carbohydrates and lactate diagnostics are influenced by ergometry testing pedaling frequency.

Methods

This randomized cross‐over repeated‐measures trial, examined human participants for cardiorespiratory oxygen uptake () and carbon dioxide production (), and blood lactate concentration (BLC), using two separate incremental load ergometry exercise tests until exhaustion, at higher versus lower cycling pedaling frequencies of 100 and 50 revolution per minute (RPM). Metabolic diagnostics of fatty acid oxidation (FAO), carbohydrates oxidation (CHO), maximal FAO (MFO) and associated MFO intensity (Fatmax) were estimated by stoichiometric equations and compared at 100 versus 50 RPM.

Results

Higher ,VO2, VCO2 , BLC and CHO and lower FAO were found for all submaximal intensities at 100 RPM than at 50 RPM (all p < 0.01). Fatmax power output was significantly lower (83.7 ± 20.3 vs. 99.8 ± 25.8 W , p < 0.05, effect size d = 0.70) at 100 than at 50 RPM. However, pedaling frequency‐dependent effects reflected nonsignificant changes in MFO (0.58 ± 0.16 vs. 0.52 ± 0.15 g.min −1 , p = 0.12, d = 0.39), and also in the corresponding BLC at MFO (1.70 ± 0.45 vs. 1.30 ± 0.39 mmol.L −1 , p = 0.06, d = 0.9).

Conclusions

Metabolic assessments should prioritize absolute MFO and BLC dynamical changes over Fatmax intensities, when interpreting fat‐oxidation capacity, particularly under varying pedaling frequencies. By jointly characterizing blood‐based and respiratory‐based diagnostics under different exercise assessment conditions, this study helps improve the reliability of diagnosing the metabolic status in both healthy individuals and patients with metabolic disease.

Item Type:	Article
Identification Number:	10.1155/jdr/2259315
Dates:	Date Event 16 December 2025 Accepted 25 February 2026 Published Online
Uncontrolled Keywords:	cardiorespiratory, cycling, exercise intensity, fat oxidation, indirect calorimetry, metabolism, pedal rate, weight loss
Subjects:	CAH02 - subjects allied to medicine > CAH02-06 - allied health > CAH02-06-01 - health sciences (non-specific)
Divisions:	Life and Health Sciences > Life and Sports Sciences
Depositing User:	Gemma Tonks
Date Deposited:	16 Mar 2026 15:30
Last Modified:	16 Mar 2026 15:30
URI:	https://www.open-access.bcu.ac.uk/id/eprint/16926