Interphase Chromosomes in Replicative Senescence: Chromosome Positioning as a Senescence Biomarker and the Lack of Nuclear Motor-Driven Chromosome Repositioning in Senescent Cells

Mehta, Ishita S. and Riyahi, Kumars and Pereira, Rita Torres and Meaburn, Karen J. and Figgitt, Martin and Kill, Ian R. and Eskiw, Christopher H. and Bridger, Joanna M. (2021) Interphase Chromosomes in Replicative Senescence: Chromosome Positioning as a Senescence Biomarker and the Lack of Nuclear Motor-Driven Chromosome Repositioning in Senescent Cells. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 9. p. 640200. ISSN 2296-634X

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Official URL: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell...

Abstract

This study demonstrates, and confirms, that chromosome territory positioning is altered in primary senescent human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). The chromosome territory positioning pattern is very similar to that found in HDFs made quiescent either by serum starvation or confluence; but not completely. A few chromosomes are found in different locations. One chromosome in particular stands out, chromosome 10, which is located in an intermediate location in young proliferating HDFs, but is found at the nuclear periphery in quiescent cells and in an opposing location of the nuclear interior in senescent HDFs. We have previously demonstrated that individual chromosome territories can be actively and rapidly relocated, with 15 min, after removal of serum from the culture media. These chromosome relocations require nuclear motor activity through the presence of nuclear myosin 1β (NM1β). We now also demonstrate rapid chromosome movement in HDFs after heat-shock at 42°C. Others have shown that heat shock genes are actively relocated using nuclear motor protein activity via actin or NM1β (Khanna et al., 2014; Pradhan et al., 2020). However, this current study reveals, that in senescent HDFs, chromosomes can no longer be relocated to expected nuclear locations upon these two types of stimuli. This coincides with a entirely different organisation and distribution of NM1β within senescent HDFs.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	From Frontiers via Jisc Publications Router History: received 10-12-2020; collection 2021; accepted 25-02-2021; epub 24-05-2021. ** Licence for this article: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Identification Number:	10.3389/fcell.2021.640200
Dates:	Date Event 25 February 2021 Accepted 24 May 2021 Published
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Cell and Developmental Biology, replicative senescence (RS), genome organisation, nuclear motors, chromatin dynamics, chromosome territories, nuclear myosin 1β, chromosome 10
Subjects:	CAH03 - biological and sport sciences > CAH03-01 - biosciences > CAH03-01-02 - biology (non-specific)
Divisions:	Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences > College of Health and Care Professions
SWORD Depositor:	JISC PubRouter
Depositing User:	JISC PubRouter
Date Deposited:	10 Jun 2021 09:13
Last Modified:	12 Jan 2022 11:31
URI:	https://www.open-access.bcu.ac.uk/id/eprint/11752