Microgrids’ Control Strategies and Real-Time Monitoring Systems: A Comprehensive Review

Ojo, Kayode Ebenezer and Saha, Akshay Kumar and Srivastava, Viranjay (2025) Microgrids’ Control Strategies and Real-Time Monitoring Systems: A Comprehensive Review. Energies, 18 (13). p. 3576. ISSN 1996-1073

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Abstract

Microgrids (MGs) technologies, with their advanced control techniques and real-time monitoring systems, provide users with attractive benefits including enhanced power quality, stability, sustainability, and environmentally friendly energy. As a result of continuous technological development, Internet of Things (IoT) architectures and technologies are becoming more and more important to the future smart grid’s creation, control, monitoring, and protection of microgrids. Since microgrids are made up of several components that can function in network distribution mode using AC, DC, and hybrid systems, an appropriate control strategy and monitoring system is necessary to ensure that the power from microgrids is delivered to sensitive loads and the main grid effectively. As a result, this article thoroughly assesses MGs’ control systems and groups them based on their degree of protection, energy conversion, integration, advantages, and disadvantages. The functions of IoT and monitoring systems for MGs’ data analytics, energy transactions, and security threats are also demonstrated in this article. This study also identifies several factors, challenges, and concerns about the long-term advancement of MGs’ control technology. This work can serve as a guide for all upcoming energy management and microgrid monitoring systems.

Item Type:	Article
Identification Number:	10.3390/en18133576
Dates:	Date Event 4 July 2025 Accepted 7 July 2025 Published Online
Uncontrolled Keywords:	microgrids technologies; control strategies; real-time monitoring; Internet of Things; energy management
Subjects:	CAH10 - engineering and technology > CAH10-01 - engineering > CAH10-01-08 - electrical and electronic engineering
Divisions:	Architecture, Built Environment, Computing and Engineering > Engineering
Depositing User:	Gemma Tonks
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2025 13:21
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2025 13:21
URI:	https://www.open-access.bcu.ac.uk/id/eprint/16568

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